The complete set of equipment that realizes wind power generation is called a wind power generation system, or a wind turbine. What the wind turbine completes is the secondary conversion of “wind energy-mechanical energy-electrical energy”. Wind turbines convert wind energy into mechanical energy, and generators convert mechanical energy into electrical output. Therefore, functionally speaking, the wind turbine consists of two subsystems, namely the wind turbine and its control system, and the generator and its control system.
At present, the relatively mature wind turbines in the world mostly use propeller-type horizontal axis wind turbines. The wind turbine that can be seen from the outside mainly includes three parts: the wind wheel, the nacelle and the tower. In addition, there is a slewing body between the nacelle chassis and the tower, allowing the nacelle to turn horizontally.
In fact, in addition to the externally visible wind wheel, nacelle, and tower, the wind turbine also has a wind device (also called a steering device, a yaw device), a speed regulating device, a transmission device, a braking device, a generator, Controllers and other parts are concentrated in the cabin
Figure 1 shows the structure of the megawatt-class doubly-fed wind turbine produced by NORDEX.
In addition, both towers and wind turbines have the possibility of being struck by lightning, especially the wind turbines arranged on the top of the mountain or standing on the open ground are the most likely targets of lightning strikes – lightning protection measures such as lightning rods are also what wind turbines should include.